کاربرد تئوری فرهنگی در تحلیل رفتار حفاظت آب کشاورزان دشت نیشابور

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری توسعه کشاورزی، گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه تبریز

2 دانشیار گروه ترویج و توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه تبریز

3 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان

چکیده

امروزه کمبود آب برای تولید مواد غذایی،نگرانی­ های گسترده ­ای را در سراسر جهان و به‌ویژه ایران ایجاد کرده است.با توجه به این­که بخش کشاورزی بزرگ‌ترین مصرف ­کننده آب در کشور است و کشاورزان به‌عنوان مهم ­ترین مصرف­ کنندگان، از آب موجود و در دسترس به‌خوبی استفاده نمی ­کننند، درک صحیح از رفتار کشاورزان در حفاظت از آب می­ تواند به سیاست‌گذاران در تدوین سیاست ­ها و شیوه ­های گسترده حفاظت از آب کمک کند. پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از تئوری فرهنگی، به تحلیل رفتار حفاظت از آب کشاورزان دشت نیشابور پرداخته است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش، کشاورزان گندم­کار دشت نیشابور به تعداد 1300 نفر بودند که بر اساس فرمول کوکران، نمونه 235 نفری از آن ­ها تعیین شد. نمونه ­ها به روش نمونه ­گیری خوشه‌ای چندمرحله ­ای انتخاب شدند. داده ­های موردنیاز پژوهش با استفاده از پرسشنامه محقق ­ساخته گردآوری شد. روایی پرسشنامه از سوی گروهی از متخصصان ترویج و توسعه کشاورزی بررسی و تأیید شد و برای تعیین میزان پایایی بخش­ های مختلف پرسشنامه از روش پایایی مرکب استفاده شد (0/69 تا 0/94). نتایج ارزیابی جهان ­بینی کشاورزان در حفاظت از منابع آب نشان داد که بیشترین میانگین، مربوط به جهان ­بینی مساوات ­طلبی و کمترین میانگین، مربوط به جهان ­بینی فردگرایی در بین کشاورزان بوده است. بر اساس نتایج، چهار متغیر نگرش، درک ریسک، هنجار ذهنی و مسئولیت ­پذیری به‌طور مستقیم و جهان ‏بینی مساوات ­طلبی، سلسله ­مراتبی و تقدیرگرایی به‌طور غیرمستقیم بر نیت افراد نسبت به حفاظت از آب تأثیر می ­گذارند. از طرفی، رفتار حفاظت آب، به‌طور معنی ­داری توسط نیت تبیین می ­شود. در نهایت، بر اساس نتایج تحقیق، پیشنهاد‌هایی در راستای حفاظت از آب ارائه گردید.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Application of Cultural Theory in Analysis of Farmers’ Water Conservation Behavior in Neyshabur Plain

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Tajeri moghadam 1
  • Hosein Raheli 2
  • Shapour Zariffian 2
  • Masoud Yazdanpanah 3
1 Ph.D. Student of Rural Development, Department of Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz
2 Associate Professor, Department of Extension and Rural Development, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabri
3 Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Khouzestan Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources University
چکیده [English]

Nowadays, water scarcity for food production has created widespread concerns around the world, especially in Iran. Considering that agricultural sector is the largest consumer of water in Iran and farmers are the main target of all the policy effort to conserve water but they do not use the available water appropriately. Thus, understanding farmers' behavior towards water conservation can help policymakers to formulate comprehensive water protection policies and practices. The present study by using cultural theory analyzed the water conservation behavior of farmers in Neishabour plain. The statistical population of this study was the farmers of Neyshabur Plain (N=1300), that 235 farmers based on Cochran formula, were selected through a random cluster sampling design. Data were collected using a authors-made questionnaire. Which its validity was approved by a panel of experts and questionnaire’s internal reliability was investigated using composite reliability (0.69-0.94). The results of the study showed that the egalitarianism worldview has had the highest rate among farmers, and the lowest was individualism. The four variables of attitude, risk perception, subjective norm and responsibility affect directly and the egalitarianism, hierarchy, and fatalism worldviews affect indirectly on intention of individuals to water conservation. Also, water conservation behavior is significantly explained by intention. Finally, based on the results of the study, recommendations provide for water conservation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cultural Theory
  • Neyshabur Plain
  • Water Conservation Behavior
  • Worldview
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