پیامدهای به‏ کارگیری استراتژی‌های سازگاری کشاورزان سیستان در مقابله با خشکسالی: تاب‌آوری و زیست‌پذیری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران.

2 دانش‌آموخته دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

خشکسالی­ های اخیر نگرانی­ های گسترده­ ای را در سراسر جهان برای تولید محصولات کشاورزی و غذا ایجاد کرده است. با توجه به اینکه بخش کشاورزی بزرگ‌ترین مصرف ­کننده آب در ایران است و کشاورزان به­ عنوان مهم‌ترین افراد آسیب­ پذیر از خشکسالی محسوب می‌شوند، به ­کارگیری استراتژی­ های سازگاری با خشکسالی تاب ­آوری و زیست ­پذیری آن‌ها را دستخوش تغییر می‏ نماید. هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر بررسی تأثیر استراتژی­ های سازگاری با خشکسالی بر تاب­ آوری و زیست­ پذیری کشاورزان بود. این مطالعه در بین کشاورزان منطقه سیستان (6000=N) انجام شد. با استفاده از نمونه­ گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چندمرحله ­ای، 361 کشاورز به­ عنوان حجم نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزار سنجش در این مطالعه، پرسشنامه بود که با بهره ‏گیری از نظرات متخصصان دانشگاهی و همچنین به استناد شاخص روایی سازه (AVE)، روایی شکلی و محتوایی آن در سطح مطلوب برآورد گردید. همچنین از شاخص‏ های آلفای کرونباخ و پایایی ترکیبی نیز برای سنجش پایایی پرسشنامه، بهره گرفته شد که در حد مطلوب بدست آمد. پردازش داده‏ ها با استفاده از نرم‏ افزارهای SPSSwin23 و AMOS22 صورت گرفت. نتایج پژوهش مشخص نمود که میانگین زیست­ پذیری کالبدی و محیط ­زیستی، واکنش و بازتوانی و بازسازی از متوسط بازه متغیرها کوچک­تر است. همچنین، یافته ­های حاصل از مدل‏ سازی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد به ترتیب 45/8 و 38/7 درصد از تغییرات زیست­ پذیری و تاب ­آوری کشاورزان با شرایط خشکسالی، وابسته به استراتژی­ های سازگاری به­ کار گرفته شده، توسط آن‌ها است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Consequences of Applying Adaptation Strategies of Sistan Farmers to Drought: Resilience and Viability

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Karimi 1
  • Pouria Ataei 2
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.
2 Ph.D, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Recent droughts have aroused extensive concerns on crop and food production in the world. Since the agricultural sector is the leading water consumer in Iran and farmers are one of the most vulnerable groups to drought, applying drought adaptation strategies changes their resilience and viability. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of drought adaptation strategies on farmers' livability and resilience in the Sistan region, Iran (N = 6000). Therefore, a sample of 361 farmers was taken by the multi-stage cluster randomization technique. The research instrument was a questionnaire which its content and face validity was confirmed by a panel of experts and discriminant validity (AVE). In addition, evaluating its reliability using Cronbach's alpha and the Composite reliability indices revealed that the values are within the acceptable range. The results indicated that the means of the physical, and environmental livability, responding, and recovery were significantly lower than the mean interval of the variables. The findings of SEM showed that 45.8% and 38.7% of farmers' livability and resilience to drought conditions depend on the adaptation strategies used by them, respectively.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought adaptation
  • Resilience
  • Viability
  • Food security
  • Sistan plain
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