آسیب‌پذیری اجتماعی حاصل از خشکسالی و سازه‌های اثرگذار بر آن: مورد مطالعه باغداران انجیر استهبان فارس

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی‌ارشد، بخش ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

2 استاد بخش ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی دانشگاه شیراز

3 استاد بخش ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز

چکیده

افزایش شدت و گستره وقوع خشکسالی موجب آسیب‌پذیری خانوارها و جوامع دارای اقتصاد متکی بر کشاورزی گردیده است. ناپایداری معیشت، فقر و نابرابری اجتماعی نیز باعث شده ساکنان مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک ایران به میزان بیشتری در معرض آسیب‌پذیری قرار گیرند. همین امر شناخت ماهیت آسیب‌پذیری اجتماعی از خشکسالی را ضروری می‌نماید. لذا این پژوهش با هدف تبیین آسیب‌پذیری از خشکسالی و شناسایی سازه‌های اثرگذار بر آن انجام پذیرفت. داده‌های مورد نیاز برای انجام این پژوهش پیمایشی، از طریق روش نمونه‌گیری سیستماتیک از میان باغداران انجیرستان‌های شهرستان استهبان جمع‌آوری گردید. در این راستا نسبت به انجام مصاحبه حضوری و تکمیل پرسشنامه از 246 تن از باغداران اقدام شد. روایی صوری ابزار پژوهش توسط چند تن از متخصصان موضوعی مورد تأیید قرار گرفت و برای تعیین پایایی از مطالعه راهنما استفاده شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که خشکسالی موجب کاهش سرمایه‌های اجتماعی درون‌گروهی و برون‌‎گروهی، همدلی اعضای خانوار، و سلامت و رفاه خانوار گردیده است. علاوه بر آن، سازه‌های اثرات اقتصادی خشکسالی، سن، وابستگی درآمدی به باغداری، و ساختار تولید، مهمترین عوامل تعیین‌کننده آسیب‌پذیری اجتماعی باغداران انجیر از خشکسالی بودند. بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش، توصیه‌هایی برای کاهش آسیب‌پذیری اجتماعی از خشکسالی و بهبود سیاستگذاری مدیریت این پدیده ارائه گردیده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Social Vulnerability to Drought and Its Determinants: The Case of Fig Growers in Estahban, Fars Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahshid Etemadi 1
  • Ezat Allah Karami 2
  • Gholam Hossein Zamani 3
1 Former M.Sc. student, , Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University
2 Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, College of Agriculture, Shriaz University
3 Professor, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, College of Agriculture, Shiraz University
چکیده [English]

Drought as a recurrent phenomenon causes vulnerability for households and communities whose livelihoods depend principally on agriculture. Lack of sustainable livelihood, poverty and social inequity also pose challenges to residents of drought affected regions. While drought impacts increase in arid and semi-arid regions such as Iran, understanding social vulnerability becomes more imperative. Therefore, the aim of this research was to explore the nature of social drought vulnerability and its determinants. A systematic sampling technique was used to collect a representative sample of fig growers of Estahban County who have experienced drought, in recent years. A total of 246 fig growers were interviewed using a questionnaire.  A panel of experts verified face validity and a pilot study were used to assess the reliability of the measuring instrument. Results indicated that drought has caused reduction of bridging and bonding, loss of empathy, health and well-being of fig growers’ family members, economic impacts of drought, age, dependency ratio of income to fig production, and farm structure were also the main determinants of social vulnerability. Recommendations and implications for drought management policies are then offered to reduce social vulnerability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Drought
  • social vulnerability
  • Drought impacts
  • Fig growers
  • Estahban

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علوم ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی ایران
دوره 10، شماره 1
خرداد 1393
صفحه 63-73

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