اﻧﺘﺨﺎب راهبرد تخصیص آب در آبخوان همدان– بهار ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس تحلیل ﺳﻮات و روﯾﮑﺮد ﺗﺼﻤﯿﻢﮔﯿﺮی ﭼﻨﺪﻣﻌﯿﺎره

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد گروه مدیریت و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

رشد روزافزون مناطق مواجه با محدودیت منابع آب، اتخاذ راهبردهای مدیریت سازگارانه‌ی آب را در ورای روش‌های سنتی مدیریت عرضه و تقاضا، تبدیل به امری الزامی نموده است. ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ حاضر ﺑﺎ ﻫﺪف ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﯾﯽ و رتبه‌بندی راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎی تخصیص آب بر اساس چارچوب تحلیل و ارزیابیﺳﻮات (ﻗﻮت، ﺿﻌﻒ، ﻓﺮﺻﺖ و ﺗﻬﺪﯾﺪ) صورت گرفته است. در اﯾﻦ راه جهت وزن دهی و اولویت‌بندی راهبردهای تدوین‌شده از مدل‌های ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ تصمیم‌گیری ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﻌﯿﺎره، بهره‌گرفته شد. از سوی دیگر برای رتبه‌بندی ابعاد از روش وﯾﮑﻮر اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﺷﺪ. در تحقیق حاضر با بهره‌گیری از ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺤﻘﻖﺳﺎخته اطلاعات مورد نیاز گردآوری شد. جهت تأیید رواﯾﯽ ﻣﺤﺘﻮای ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎ و ﻣﻌﯿﺎرﻫﺎ از ﻧﻈﺮات اﺳﺎﺗﯿﺪ و ﺧﺒﺮﮔﺎن به‌صورت ﭼﻬﺮه ﺑﻪ ﭼﻬﺮه (ﺑﺎ ﻏﺮﺑﺎلﮔﺮی) بهره‌جویی شد. نتایج نشان داد که مشارکت ذینفعان در شکل‌گیری الگوهای تفویض آب‌ و عدم کفایت سازوکارهای جبرانی و پرداخت غرامت به ترتیب به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین نقاط قوت و ضعف و همچنین آگاهی فعالان مدنی نسبت به محدودیت آب و استحصال غیرقانونی به ترتیب به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین فرصت ها و تهدیدهای تخصیص آب در آبخوان همدان- بهار شناخته شدند. از سوی دیگر نتایج روش دیمتل نشان‌گر این امر است که در میان گروه‌های راهبردی، راهبردهای تهاجمی و بازنگری به‌ترتیب دربرگیرنده‌ ‌عنوان اثرگذارترین و اثرپذیرترین گروه‌های راهبردی می‌باشند. همچنین نتایج ANp نشان داد که راهبرد تسهیم منصفانه منافع اقتصادی حاصل از تخصیص منابع آب در رتبه‌ی نخست قرار گرفته است. در نهایت بر اساس روش ویکور بعد محیط ‌زیستی اولویت نخست را در میان ابعاد به خود اختصاص داده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Choosing water Allocation Strategy in Hamedan–Bahar Aquifer Based on SWOT and Multi-Criteria Decision Making

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ehsan Asadabadi 1
  • Ali Asadi 2
  • Khalil Kalantari 2
1 Ph.D. Student, Department of Agricultural Management and Development, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, Department of Agricultural Management and Development, Faculty of Agricultural Economics and Development, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The growing number of areas facing water scarcity necessitates adaptive water management strategies which can be beyond traditional water supply and demand management methods. Present study was aimed at identifying and ranking strategies of water allocation based on SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) technique. The results might help managers and planners by uncovering the challenges. In this descriptive and applied survey, multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) method was used. The study population was comprised of 43 field experts. A researcher-made questionnaire was used for data gathering. Content validity of the questionnaires and the criteria were ensured using feedbacks from the experts and screening process. The factors and dimensions were weighed and ranked using ANP and VIKOR respectively. The results showed that the Stakeholders' participation in the formation of water allocation patterns and inadequacy of compensation mechanisms are the most important strengths and weaknesses, respectively. The awareness of civil activists about water scarcity and illegal extraction have been identified as the most important opportunities and threats for the water allocation in the Hamedan–Bahar Aquifer, respectively. The results revealed that based on DEMATEL, ‘strengths opportunities’ and ‘strengths threats’ were the most affecting and the most affected factors among the group strategies, respectively. In addition, ANP showed that the “fair sharing of economic benefits from water allocation” was the ‘top strength’ sub-factor. Based on VIKOR method, “environmental dimension” was the most significant dimension. The results also indicated that to be successful in the field of water allocation, it is comprehensive policies should be imperatively revised.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water allocation
  • Multiple-criteria Decision making
  • Fair sharing
  • Illegal extraction
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