علوم ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی ایران

علوم ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی ایران

کشاورزی بوم‌شناختی و پایداری خدمات زیست‌بوم؛ نگرش روستاییان بهره بردار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، بخش ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
2 دانشیار، بخش ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
چکیده
از دیرباز، جوامع انسانی از خدمات زیست‌بوم بهره‌مند بوده‌اند. خدماتی که زیست‌بوم می‌تواند به جامعه انسانی ارائه دهد در چهار دسته خدمات تولیدی، تنظیمی، فرهنگی و پشتیبانی قرار می‌گیرند و می‌توانند بر فرهنگ جامعه روستایی اثرگذار باشند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تبیین خدمات چهارگانه زیست‌بوم و شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر کشاورزی بوم‌شناختی، به روش پیمایشی در میان روستاییان شهرستان دشتی در استان بوشهر انجام شده است. حجم نمونه با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی چندمرحله‌ای و بر اساس فرمول کوکران 232 نفر تعیین شد. نتایج تحلیل خوشه‌ای نشان داد که زیست‌بوم نقش تعیین‌کننده‌ای در تأمین نیازهای معیشتی، محیط‌زیستی و فرهنگی جامعه روستایی مورد مطالعه دارد و افزایش سطح بهره‌برداری آگاهانه از آن می‌تواند موجب ارتقای سطح خدمات زیست‌بوم و پایداری معیشت روستاییان شود. بر اساس نتایج تحلیل عاملی تأییدی با استفاده از نرم‌افزار لیزرل (Lisrel)، شاخص‌های نیکویی برازش (RMSEA=0.071) نشان داد که کلیه ضرایب به‌دست‌آمده در محدوده مطلوب قرار داشتند. مدل برازش‌یافته پژوهش، برازش مطلوب سازه‌های مورد استفاده برای بررسی ابعاد چهارگانه خدمات زیست‌بوم را نشان داد. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد 40 درصد از واریانس نگرش کشاورزی بوم‌شناختی روستاییان به‌وسیله عوامل مؤثر بر خدمات زیست‌بوم تبیین می‌شود. با توجه به یافته‌های پژوهش، راهکارها و پیشنهادهایی شامل برنامه‌های آموزشی مبتنی بر ارزش‌ها، تقویت سرمایه اجتماعی و فرهنگی، طراحی بسته‌های حمایتی نهادی اثربخش و تأکید بر منافع بلندمدت اکولوژیکی در راستای تبیین و تقویت پذیرش کشاورزی بوم‌شناختی پیشنهاد می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Agroecology and the Sustainability of Ecosystem Services: Attitude of Farm Households

نویسندگان English

Bahareh Zarei Manesh 1
Razieh Namdar 2
1 Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
2 Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
چکیده English

Since ancient times, humans have benefited greatly from ecosystem services. The types of services that ecosystems can provide to human societies fall into four categories: provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services, which influence the culture of rural communities. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the four ecosystem services and identifying the factors affecting ecological agriculture through a survey method among the rural community of Dashti County, Bushehr Province. The sample size was determined using a multistage random sampling method and the Cochran formula, resulting in 232 respondents. The results of cluster analysis showed that ecosystems play a decisive role in meeting the livelihood, environmental, and cultural needs of rural communities, and that increasing the level of conscious exploitation of these services can improve the provision of ecosystem services and the sustainability of villagers’ livelihoods. Based on the application of confirmatory factor analysis using LISREL software, the goodness-of-fit results (RMSEA = 0.071) showed that all the obtained coefficients were satisfactory, and, based on the fitted research model, the constructs used to examine the four dimensions of ecosystem services demonstrated acceptable compatibility. The results also showed that 40% of the variance in rural people’s attitudes toward ecological agriculture could be explained by factors affecting ecosystem services. Considering the research findings, solutions and suggestions, including value-based educational programs, strengthening social and cultural capital, designing effective institutional support packages, and emphasizing long-term ecological benefits, are proposed to explain and strengthen the acceptance of ecological agriculture.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Cultural services
Production services
Regulatory services
Rural community
Support services
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