واکاوی رابطه‌ی بین سرمایه روان‌شناختی و گرایش به خوداشتغالی دانشجویان کشاورزی دانشگاه اراک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی و مطالعات فرهنگی، تهران، ایران.

2 استادیار گروه گیاهان دارویی و معطر، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران.

چکیده

هدف اصلی این پژوهش واکاوی رابطه‌ی بین سرمایه روان‌شناختی با گرایش به خوداشتغالی دانشجویان کشاورزی دانشگاه اراک بود. این تحقیق از نوع پژوهش کمی و در عین حال توصیفی-همبستگی است که با بهره‌گیری از شیوه پیمایش انجام شده است. جامعه‌ی آماری تحقیق را 400 نفر از دانشجویان کارشناسی دانشکده‌ی کشاورزی دانشگاه اراک تشکیل ‌دادند که نمونه‌ای به حجم 115 نفر با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS Sample Power و روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی ساده انتخاب شدند. برای گردآوری داده‌ها از پرسش‌نامه استفاده شد. روایی محتوایی پرسشنامه با نظرسنجی از متخصصان و پایایی آن با محاسبه آلفای کرونباخ تعیین شد که برای تمامی بخش‌های پرسشنامه، مقدار ضریب آلفا بالاتر از 0/8 به دست آمد. جهت تجزیه ‌و تحلیل داده‌ها از دو نرم‌افزار SPSS و AMOS بهره گرفته شد. بر پایه یافته‌های پژوهش سرمایه روان‌شناختی بیشتر دانشجویان بالا و گرایش به خوداشتغالی آنان متوسط بود. نتیجه‌ی مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد بین سرمایه روان‌شناختی با گرایش به خوداشتغالی دانشجویان و نتیجه تحلیل همبستگی نشان داد بین مؤلفه‌های سرمایه روان‌شناختی (خودکارآمدی، امیدواری، تاب‌آوری و خوش‌بینی) با گرایش به خوداشتغالی دانشجویان در سطح یک درصد رابطه‌ی مثبت و معنی‌داری وجود دارد. نتایج تحلیل رگرسیون نیز نشان داد دو سازه امیدواری و خودکارآمدی می‌توانند 31 درصد از تغییرات گرایش به خوداشتغالی دانشجویان را تبیین کنند. نتایج این مطالعه می‌تواند برای افزایش گرایش دانشجویان کشاورزی به خوداشتغالی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of the Relationship between Psychological Capital and Self-Employment Intention of Agricultural Students at University of Arak

نویسندگان [English]

  • Masoud Rezaei 1
  • Faezehossadat Abtahi 2
1 Associate Professor, Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies, Tehran, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between psychological capital and              self-employment intention of agricultural students at University of Arak. This research was a quantitative and descriptive-correlational study which was conducted using a survey method. The target population of the study contained of all B.Sc. students in agriculture faculty of University of Arak (N= 400), from whom 115 students were selected using SPSS Sample Power software. Simple random sampling was employed in selection of the respondents. Data was collected through a questionnaire that its validity confirmed by a panel of experts. Its reliability was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient which was greater than 0.8 for all parts of the questionnaire. SPSS and AMOS statistical packages were used to analyze the data. The results indicated that the psychological capital and self-employment intention of students in most cases were at high and intermediate levels, respectively. The findings of structural equation modeling revealed that there was a positive significant relationship between psychological capital and students' self-employment intention. Furthermore, the results of correlation analysis showed that there was a positive significant relationship between psychological capital components (self-efficacy, hope, resilience, and optimism) and students' self-employment intention. Stepwise regression also revealed that self-efficacy and hope can significantly predict 31 percent of variation in the students' self-employment intention. The result of this study can be used to promote the self-employment intention of agricultural students in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural students
  • Psychological capital
  • Self- employment

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علوم ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی ایران
دوره 16، شماره 2
آذر 1399
صفحه 63-76

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