اثر هنجارهای شخصی و اجتماعی بر به‌کارگیری رفتارهای محیط‌‏زیست‏گرایانه: مطالعه موردی کشاورزان شهرستان باوی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان، ملاثانی، ایران.

چکیده

هدف اصلی این پژوهش بررسی اثر هنجارهای شخصی و اجتماعی بر به‌کارگیری رفتارهای محیط‌ ‏زیست‏ گرایانه می­باشد. جامعه آماری این تحقیق شامل تمام کشاورزان شهرستان باوی (استان خوزستان) بود. حجم نمونه با استفاده از جدول کرجسی و مورگان به تعداد 390 نفر و روش نمونه‏ گیری چندمرحله ‏ای با انتساب متناسب برای مطالعه انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع‏ آوری داده ­ها پرسشنامه ‏ای بود که روایی صوری و محتوایی آن بر اساس نظر اعضای هیئت‌علمی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی خوزستان و پایایی آن از طریق آلفای کرونباخ تأیید گردید. همچنین، از شاخص میانگین واریانس استخراج‌شده (AVE) برای تعیین روایی همگرا و شاخص پایایی ترکیبی (CR) برای تعیین پایایی مدل استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از اولویت‏ بندی رفتارهای محیط‌ ‏زیست‏ گرایانه در میان کشاورزان نشان داد که دو رفتار «استفاده از شخم حداقل به‌منظور کاهش فرسایش خاک» و «استفاده از کودهای آلی و دامی در مزرعه» به ترتیب از اولویت بالاتری در میان کشاورزان برخوردار بودند. علاوه بر این نتایج مد­ل­ سازی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که هنجارهای دستوری، شخصی و توصیفی اثر قابل‌توجهی بر قصد و رفتار کشاورزان نسبت به به‌کارگیری رفتارهای محیط‌ ‏زیست ‏گرایانه در محیط­زیست دارند که در نهایت توانستند 63/1 درصد از واریانس متغیر وابسته تحقیق (رفتار محیط‌ ‏زیست ‏گرایانه) را تبیین نمایند. یافته‏ های این پژوهش ضمن افزودن دانش جدید به حوزه این پژوهش، می ‏تواند در برنامه‏ ریزی و سیاست ‏گذاری برای کاهش مشکلات محیط ­زیستی ناشی از بخش کشاورزی مفید واقع شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effects of Personal and Social Norms on the Use of Pro-environmental Behaviors: A Case Study of Farmers in Bavi County

نویسندگان [English]

  • M Savari 1
  • S Shahitavi 2
1 Associate Prof. Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
2 Msc of Rural Development Student, Department of Agricultural Extension and Education, Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan, Mollasani, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The main purpose of this research is to analyze the effects of personal and social norms on the use of pro-environmental behaviors. The statistical population of the research included all the farmers of Bavi County (Khuzestan province). A sample size of 390 farmers was selected for the study using a stratified sampling method with proportional assignment. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. The validity of the research tool was determined based on the opinion of the faculty members of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan and its reliability was determined through Cronbach's alpha. Furthermore, the Average Variance Extracted Index (AVE) was used to determine construct validity and the Composite Reliability Index (CR) was used to determine model reliability. The results of prioritizing pro-environmental behaviors among farmers showed that the two behaviors "using plow at least in order to reduce soil erosion" and "not keeping plant residues on the field and burning them" are the most and least used behaviors by farmers. In addition, the results of structural equation modeling showed that prescriptive, personal, and descriptive norms have significant effects on the willingness and behavior of farmers to use pro-environmental behaviors, which ultimately accounted for 63.1% of the variance of the dependent variables of the research (pro-environmental behavior). The findings of this research, while adding new insights to the existing knowledge in the field of research, can be useful in planning and policy-making to reduce environmental problems caused by the agricultural sector.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pro-environmental behaviors
  • Environmental protection
  • Sustainable agriculture
  • Social norms
  • Personal norms
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